Thursday, 15 December 2016
Wednesday, 14 December 2016
OROP protest: 4 veterans stay atop water tower in Delhi for 10 hrs
Four retired non-commissioned officers today threatened to jump off a
water tower near old Delhi railway station over the issue of One Rank
One Pension (OROP), several hours before they came down from the
structure on assurance from defence ministry officials, police said.
Four members of ‘Sabka Sainik Sangharsh Samiti’ climbed the water tower around 8 AM and threatened to jump off it, but with police intervention, they were pacified and eight-ten people who were accompanying them were taken to the office of Ministry of Defence to meet the officers and put forth their demands, said a senior police officer.
Those who had climbed the water tower have been identified as Gurcharan Singh, Kabal Singh, Satpal Singh and Kartar Singh and they had come from Punjab, said the officer.
They had climbed the water tank around 8 AM and even threatened to commit suicide by jumping off the tank, the officer added. Later a meeting was facilitated between the members of the body and the ministry officials by the police and the four men got down from the water tower around 6 PM, police said.
“They thanked us for facilitating the meeting and left for their hometown after the delegation that had gone to meet ministry officials apprised them about the meeting and assured them that they had got a patient hearing from the concerned officials,” the officer said.
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/orop-water-tower-delhi/84091/
Four members of ‘Sabka Sainik Sangharsh Samiti’ climbed the water tower around 8 AM and threatened to jump off it, but with police intervention, they were pacified and eight-ten people who were accompanying them were taken to the office of Ministry of Defence to meet the officers and put forth their demands, said a senior police officer.
Those who had climbed the water tower have been identified as Gurcharan Singh, Kabal Singh, Satpal Singh and Kartar Singh and they had come from Punjab, said the officer.
They had climbed the water tank around 8 AM and even threatened to commit suicide by jumping off the tank, the officer added. Later a meeting was facilitated between the members of the body and the ministry officials by the police and the four men got down from the water tower around 6 PM, police said.
“They thanked us for facilitating the meeting and left for their hometown after the delegation that had gone to meet ministry officials apprised them about the meeting and assured them that they had got a patient hearing from the concerned officials,” the officer said.
Currency Reforms of Sher Shah Suri
The coins and currency reforms of Sher Shah Suri (Sher Khan) are one
of his most outstanding achievements. Sher Shah Suri found on his
accession that the currency system had practically broken down. There
was debasement of the current coins and the absence of a fixed ratio
between the coins and various metals. There was another difficulty,
namely, that coins of all previous reigns, in fact of all ages, were
allowed to circulate as legal tender.
Sher Shah Suri took steps to issue a large number of new silver coins which, subsequently, became known as dam. Both the silver rupee and copper dam had their halves, quarters, eighths and sixteenths. Next, he abolished all old and mixed metal currency coins. He fixed a rate between the copper and silver coins. His silver rupee coins weighed 180 grains, of which 175 grains were pure silver. This rupee minus its inscription lasted throughout the Mughal period and was retained by the English East India Company up to 1835. V.A. Smith rightly observes: "it is the basis of the existing British currency" (up to 1947).
Sher Shah's name and title and place of mint were invariably inscribed on the coins in Arabic characters. Some of his coins bore his name in Devanagari script and some had the names of first four Khalifas in addition. Gold coins of pure metal of various weights, such as 166.4 grains, 167 grains and 168.5 grains, were executed. The ratio of exchange between the dam and the rupee was 64 to 1. The ratios between the various gold coins and the silver ones were fixed on a permanent basis.
These coins and currency reforms of Sher Shah Suri proved very useful and did away with a great deal of inconvenience which was experienced by the general public and particularly by the trading community. These reforms have elicited high praise from modern numismatists.
"Sher
Shah is entitled to the honour of establishing the reformed system of
currency which lasted throughout the Mughal period, was maintained by
the East India Company down to 1835, and is the basis of the existing
British currency. He finally abolished the inconvenient billon coinage
of mixed metal, and struck well-executed pieces in gold, silver, and
copper, to a fixed standard of both weight and fineness. His silver
rupees, which weigh 180 grains, and contain 175 grains of pure silver,
being thus practically equal in value to the modern rupee, often have
the king's name in Nagari characters in addition to the usual Arabic
inscriptions." (V. A. Smith, Imperial Gazetteer of India, ii, pp.
145-6.)
"His coins also illustrate the rapidity with which he conquered the countries settled under his rule. The land survey, construction of roads, and establishment of mint towns seem to follow almost in the wake of his conquering armies." ( Qanungo, Sher Shah, p. 383.)
".........He reformed the coinage, issuing an abundance of silver money, excellent in both fineness and execution. That is a good record for a stormy reign of five years. If Sher Shah had been spared he would have established his dynasty, and the ' Great Mughals ' would not have appeared on the stage of history." (The Oxford History of India, pp. 327-29.)
Sher Shah Suri took steps to issue a large number of new silver coins which, subsequently, became known as dam. Both the silver rupee and copper dam had their halves, quarters, eighths and sixteenths. Next, he abolished all old and mixed metal currency coins. He fixed a rate between the copper and silver coins. His silver rupee coins weighed 180 grains, of which 175 grains were pure silver. This rupee minus its inscription lasted throughout the Mughal period and was retained by the English East India Company up to 1835. V.A. Smith rightly observes: "it is the basis of the existing British currency" (up to 1947).
Sher Shah's name and title and place of mint were invariably inscribed on the coins in Arabic characters. Some of his coins bore his name in Devanagari script and some had the names of first four Khalifas in addition. Gold coins of pure metal of various weights, such as 166.4 grains, 167 grains and 168.5 grains, were executed. The ratio of exchange between the dam and the rupee was 64 to 1. The ratios between the various gold coins and the silver ones were fixed on a permanent basis.
These coins and currency reforms of Sher Shah Suri proved very useful and did away with a great deal of inconvenience which was experienced by the general public and particularly by the trading community. These reforms have elicited high praise from modern numismatists.
"His coins also illustrate the rapidity with which he conquered the countries settled under his rule. The land survey, construction of roads, and establishment of mint towns seem to follow almost in the wake of his conquering armies." ( Qanungo, Sher Shah, p. 383.)
".........He reformed the coinage, issuing an abundance of silver money, excellent in both fineness and execution. That is a good record for a stormy reign of five years. If Sher Shah had been spared he would have established his dynasty, and the ' Great Mughals ' would not have appeared on the stage of history." (The Oxford History of India, pp. 327-29.)
Tuesday, 13 December 2016
Why is Muhammad Bin Tughlaq called an intelligent fool?
“Muhammad Bin
Tughlaq was one of the most interesting personalities of Medieval Indian
history. He ruled from 1324 to 1351 AD. Muhammad Bin Tughlaq was
interested in Persian poetry, mathematics, medicine, and astronomy and
was also noted a philosopher. He was well-versed in the religious topics
and fluent in both Arabic and Persian. From the beginning of his
kingship, the countrymen had a huge expectation from him. He took some
very bold and strong measures to reform the Sultani administration at
the advent of his rule.
He took great
steps in revenue reformation. He decided to shift his capital from Delhi
to Devagiri, which is now known as Daulatabad. Daulatabad is situated
in Central India. Though controversial, Muhammad Bin Tughlaq showed a
great sense of pragmatism in this decision. He not only saved his
capital from the Mongol raids but also ensured the proper administrative
rule in both the northern and southern part of the India.
His
rule is also significant for the introduction of token currency. He
understood the importance of currency as a medium of commercial exchange
and that is why he took keen interest to circulate gold and silver
coins. The gold coin was introduced as Dinar. Tughlaq’s silver coin was
named Adl. However, it was difficult to maintain the supply of gold and
silver coins on a large scale. So, Tughlaq replaced those coins and
started the circulation of copper and brass coins as the token currency
which had the same value of gold or silver coins in 1330-32 CE. He was
well aware that the state had to act as a responsible guarantor for the
token money by ensuring high degree of security which will prevent
others from making fake currencies.
But
the administrators failed in maintaining the security measures. These
coins totally lacked the artistic design and perfection in finishing and
even the administrators of the king took no measure to keep the design
secured and protected. In fact, the coins just had some inscriptions and
no royal seals. These loopholes make them easier to copy. Thus,
ordinary people easily copied the design and started making coins in
their house. Soon the entire market was flooding with the fake coins.
The ordinary people started to pay the state revenue with their home
made coins and this caused a great problem for the state treasury.
Within a very short period of time the state treasury was full of fake
coins. Historians have argued that the value of the coins decreased for
such wholesale forgery and it became worthless like the stones.”
Monday, 5 December 2016
MINIMUM PAY & MF LIKELY TO BE HIKED
GOVERNMENT
OF INDIA
MINISTRY
OF FINANCE
RAJYA
SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-1526
ANSWERED
ON-29.11.2016
Pay hike after implementation of
Seventh Central Pay Commission
(a) the salient features of the
Seventh Central Pay Commission;
(b) the percentage of increase in
the salaries of employees after the implementation of the recommendations of
Seventh Central Pay Commission;
(c) the percentage of increase in
the salaries of employees after the fourth, fifth and sixth Central Pay
Commission;
(d) whether the extent of pay hike
this time is very less as compared to the previous pay hikes; and
(e) whether Government would
reconsider it in view of the resentment among employees and pay anomalies?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF
FINANCE
(SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)
(a): The Seventh Central Pay
Commission (7th CPC) has recommended the minimum pay of Rs. 18,000 per month
and uniform fitment factor of 2.57 for all employees. The system of Pay Band
and Grade Pay has been replaced with separate Pay Matrices for Civil, Defence
and Military Nursing Services personnel. The Commission has recommended
abolishing 52 allowances and subsuming of another 36 allowances either in an
existing allowance or in newly proposed allowances. Allowances relating to Risk
and Hardship will be governed by a Risk and Hardship Matrix. The Commission has
also recommended revised pension formulation for all personnel who have retired
before 01.01.2016 to bring about complete parity of past pensioners with
current retirees.
(b) to (e): Salary of all employees
will increase by at least 14.29 per cent after the implementation of Seventh
Central Pay Commission (7th CPC) recommendations. The 7th CPC has mentioned
that increases given in Minimum Pay were 27.6%, 31.0% and 54.0% by Fourth,
Fifth and Sixth Central Pay Commissions, respectively.
The anomalies arising out of
implementation of the recommendations of the 7th CPC will be examined by the
Anomalies Committee which has already been constituted. Based on the report of
the Committee, the matter will be considered by the Government and appropriate
decision will be taken.
Source: http://rajyasabha.nic.in/
Tuesday, 1 November 2016
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